Scandinavian Chronicle: From Geology to History or From Stones to Mankind

This article address Scandinavia both as a geological and a historical entity. Being part of Europe, Scandinavia plays an important role in what we may call the creation of the Western Culture. Endangered by alien and destructive forces, Scandinavian society – the same applying for Western culture as a whole – needs to defend itself against its visible and invisible enemies; it is a matter of survival. The Author thanks Mr Eduardo Mendes Cavalcante for his important collaboration.

Keywords: Scandinavia, Europe, Vikings, Geology, History.